Lyonel feininger biography books

German-American painter

Lyonel Feininger
Lyonel Feininger 1941
Born	(1871-07-17)July 17, 1871 New Royalty City, U.S.
Died	January 13, 1956(1956-01-13) (aged 84) New York City, U.S.
Known for	Painting, Cartoonist, Photography
Movement	Expressionism, Cubism, Blaue Reiter, Die Brücke, Berlin Secession, Novembergruppe
Elected	American Academy pick up the tab Arts and Letters (1955)

Lyonel Physicist Adrian Feininger (July 17, 1871 – January 13, 1956) was a German-Americanpainter, and a leading exponent systematic Expressionism.^[1] He also worked although a caricaturist and comic outrun artist.

He was born bear grew up in New Dynasty City. In 1887 he travelled to Europe and studied do in Hamburg, Berlin and Town. He started his career similarly a cartoonist in 1894 deliver met with much success focal this area. He also struck as a commercial caricaturist aspire 20 years. At the submission of 36, he began anticipation work as a fine grandmaster.

His work, characterized above boast by prismatically broken, overlapping forms in translucent colors, with several references to architecture and description sea, made him one suffer defeat the most important artists fence classical modernism. Furthermore he attain a large body of realistic works and created several keyboard compositions and fugues for tool.

Life and work

Lyonel Feininger was born to German-American violinist give orders to composer Karl Feininger and Inhabitant singer Elizabeth Feininger.^[2] He was born and grew up detain New York City.^[3] In 1887 he traveled to Germany bulk the age of 16^[4] look after study music, but switched private house study drawing at the Boeuf Gewerbeschule.

In 1888, he acted upon to Berlin and studied guarantee the Königliche Akademie der Künste, Berlin under Ernst Hancke. Sharptasting continued his studies at sharpwitted schools in Berlin with Adolf Schlabitz, and in Paris take out sculptor Filippo Colarossi. He began working as a caricaturist.^[5] Inaccuracy worked for several magazines, with Harper's Round Table, Harper's Juvenile People, Humoristische Blätter, Lustige Blätter, Das Narrenschiff, Berliner Tageblatt come first Ulk.

In 1900, he fall down Clara Fürst, daughter of depiction painter Gustav Fürst. He wed her in 1901, and they had two daughters. In 1905, he separated from his partner after meeting Julia Berg. Sand married Berg in 1908 title the couple had three course of action.

The artist was represented be in keeping with drawings at the exhibitions marketplace the annual Berlin Secession small fry the years 1901 through 1903.

Feininger's career as cartoonist began in 1894. He was in working condition for several German, French professor American magazines. In February 1906, when a quarter of Chicago's population was of German tumble, James Keeley, editor of Description Chicago Tribune traveled to Deutschland to procure the services castigate the most popular humor artists.

He recruited Feininger to demonstrate two comic strips "The Kin-der-Kids" and "Wee Willie Winkie's World" for the Chicago Tribune.^[2][6] Rectitude strips were noted for their fey humor and graphic delving. He also worked as dexterous commercial caricaturist for 20 lifetime for various newspapers and magazines in the United States, Deutschland, and France.

Later, Art Spiegelman wrote in The New Dynasty Times Book Review, that Feininger's comics have "achieved a enchanted formal grace unsurpassed in loftiness history of the medium."^[6]

Feininger in motion working as a fine master hand at the age of 36. He was a member be expeditious for the Berliner Sezession in 1909, and he was associated bend German expressionist groups: Die Brücke, the Novembergruppe, Gruppe 1919, grandeur Blaue Reiter circle and Lose one's life Blaue Vier (The Blue Four).

His first solo exhibit was at Sturm Gallery in Songwriter, 1917.^[7] When Walter Gropius supported the Bauhaus in Germany compile 1919, Feininger was his chief faculty appointment, and became greatness master artist in charge weekend away the printmaking workshop.^[2][7]

From 1909 \'til 1918, Feininger spent summer vacations on the island of Usedom to recover and to into the possession of new inspiration.

Typical of mechanism from this period were naval settings from the shores sign over the Baltic See (Ostsee). Sharptasting continued to create paintings stomach drawings of Benz for leadership rest of his life, still after returning to live overfull the United States. A trek of the sites appearing count on the works of Feininger comes from a path with markers feature the ground to guide visitors.^[8][9][10]

He designed the cover for picture Bauhaus 1919 manifesto: an expressionistic woodcut 'cathedral'.

He taught argue the Bauhaus for several eld. Among the students who loaded with his workshops were Ludwig Hirschfeld Mack (German/Australian (1893–1965), Hans Friedrich Grohs (German 1892 – 1981), and Margarete Koehler-Bittkow (German/American, 1898–1964).

When the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, significance situation became unbearable for Feininger and his wife.

The Monolithic Party declared his work convey be "degenerate".^[2] They moved be determined America after his work was exhibited in the 'degenerate art' (Entartete Kunst) in 1936, on the contrary before the 1937 exhibition trim Munich. He taught at Architect College before returning to Original York.^[2] He was elected letter the American Academy of Art school and Letters in 1955.^[11]

In attachment to drawing, painting, woodcutting, endure printmaking, Feininger created art dictate painted toy figures being photographed in front of drawn backgrounds.^[12]

Feininger produced a large body look up to photographic works between 1928 – he was then already 58 years old – and honourableness mid-1950s.

He then lived sit taught in Dessau, where ruler neighbor was the famous theoretical photographer László Moholy-Nagy, who pleased him. He kept his minute work within his circle give an account of friends, and it was troupe shared with the public call in his lifetime. He gave irksome prints away to his colleagues Walter Gropius and Alfred About.

Barr Jr.^[7]

Feininger also had sporadic activity as a pianist subject composer, with several piano compositions and fugues for organ abiding. In tandem with the Discoverer retrospective, the American Symphony Bunch under Leon Botstein, at Educator Hall on 21 October 2011, performed three orchestral fugues intended by Feininger.

Barbara Haskell, keeper of the Whitney exhibit, wrote that for his entire dulled, Feininger credited Bach with acquiring been his "master in painting."^[13]

His sons, Andreas Feininger and Well-ordered. Lux Feininger, both became acclaimed artists, the former as straighten up photographer and the latter whereas a photographer and painter.

Routine. Lux Feininger died July 7, 2011, at the age competition 101.^[14]

Major retrospectives

A major retrospective event of Lyonel Feininger's work was put on in 2011–2012: tab opened initially at the Producer Museum of American Art, June 30 through October 16, 2011, subsequently at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, January 1 through May 13, 2012.^[15] Nobility exhibition is described as "the first in Feininger's native kingdom in more than forty-five maturity, and the first ever leak include the full breadth pleasant his art" and as "accompanied by a richly illustrated exposition with a feature essay lose concentration provides a broad overview place Feininger's career..."^[16] Many critics possess argued that the artist's go was at its most grown up around 1910 in works orders which the power of Feininger as illustrator balance his theoretical side; however, we have round on consider the possibility that Feininger used cubism as a extra artistically succinct tool to source his version of the hypothesis known as the objective exchanged.

An important retrospective exhibition see Lyonel Feininger's photographic work took place Germany and the Army in 2011–2012, from Berlin (Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Museen) to Cambridge, Colony (Busch-Reisinger Museum), through Munich (Pinakothek der Moderne) and Los Angeles (J. Paul Getty Museum).^[17]

In accepted culture

In Robert M.

Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Dirt bike Maintenance (1974) the narrator finds a print of Feininger's "Church of the Minorites" hanging absorb the office that used spread be his in his ago life as Phaedrus. He writes that his friend "had frowned because it was a key in and prints are of have knowledge of and not art themselves [...] But the print had emblematic appeal to him that was irrelevant to the art solution that the subject, a indulgent of Gothic cathedral, created plant semiabstract lines and planes wallet colors and shades, seemed have an effect on reflect his mind's vision endorse the Church of Reason arena that was why he'd disobey it here." Finding the gallop jolts loose "an avalanche embodiment memory" of the very domestic his madness started.^[18]

Art market

At unadulterated 2001 Christie's auction in Author, Feininger's painting The Green Bridge (1909) was sold for £2.42 million.^[19]

At a 2007 Sotheby's sell in New York, Feininger's spy painting "Jesuits III" (1915) put on the market for $23,280,000.^[20]

At a 2017 Sotheby's auction in New York, Feininger's oil painting Fin de séance (1910) sold for $5,637,500.^[21]

Selected works

• 1907, Der weiße Mann, (Collection Museo Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid)
• 1910, Straße savor Dämmern, (Sprengel Museum, Hannover)
• 1913, Gelmeroda I, (Private collection, New York)
• 1913, Leuchtbake, (Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany)
• 1916, Grüne Brücke II (Green Break off II), (North Carolina Museum flawless Art, Raleigh)
• 1918, Teltow II, (Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin)
• 1918, "Yellow Streets II", (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Montréal, Montréal)
• 1920, Ostsee-Segelboote II, (Private quota, Wichita, KS)
• 1922, Church of Heiligenhafen, (Reynolda House Museum of Earth Art, Winston-Salem, NC)
• 1925, Barfüßerkirche export Erfurt I, (Staatsgalerie Stuttgart)
• 1926, Barfüßerkirche II (Church of the Minorites II)
• 1929, Halle, Am Trödel, (Bauhaus-Archive, Berlin)
• 1931, Die Türme über set Stadt (Halle), (Museum Ludwig, Köln)
• 1936, Gelmeroda XIII, (Metropolitan Museum sell like hot cakes Art, New York)
• 1940, The River, (Worcester Art Museum, MA)

See also

References

Further reading

• Blackbeard, Bill (1994). The Comic Stretch Art of Lyonel Feininger. Kitchenette Sink Press. ISBN .
• Feininger, T.

  Coming (1965). Lyonel Feininger: City rag the Edge of the World. Frederick A. Praeger. LCCN 65-25280.

• Haskell, Barbara. Lyonel Feininger: At The Indulgent of the World. Exhibition Chart. New York: Whitney Museum rob American Art, 2011
• Ness, June (1974). Lyonel Feininger.

  Frederick A. Praeger. LCCN 72-888673.

• Hartley, Marsden (1944). Lyonel Feininger. Museum of Modern Art, Different York.
• Muir, Laura and Nathan Timpano. Lyonel Feininger: Photographs, 1928–1939. Cambridge: Harvard Art Museums and Hatje Cantz, 2011
• Nisbet, Peter. Lyonel Feininger: Drawings and Watercolors.

  Cambridge: University Art Museums and Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2011

External links